Java was a programming language created by James Gosling of Sun Microsystems. The language was released in 1995 and used syntax from C and C. However, it benefited from a simpler object model and not as many low level facilities. The applications of Java are compiled to bytecode and are capable of running on any Java Virtual Machine. The language is considered general purpose, concurrent, class based, and object oriented.

RFT, which stands for "request to tender" is a structured invitation sent out to various suppliers asking them to supply products and or services. Requests for tenders are typically published by government sector agencies or by infrastructure and utilities companies.

Test automation is the practice of using software to control and execute certain tests and then to automatically compare their results and actual and predicted outcomes. Such software also helps to set up test preconditions, test controls, and test reporting functions.